Schofield Equations

Schofield equations for estimating BMR rate in MJ/day in adults and children
Equations for estimating BMR in kilocalories per day (kcal/day) from weight (kg) 

kcal/day from weight (kg)

GENDER	AGE (YEARS)	EQUATION (kcal/day)	SEE
Male	< 3	59.512 × W − 30.4	70
	3–10	22.706 × W + 504.3	67
	10–18	17.686 × W + 658.2	105
	18–30	15.057 × W + 692.2	153
	30–60	11.472 × kg + 873.1	167
	> 60	11.711 × W + 587.7	164
Female	< 3	58.317 × W − 31.1	59
	3–10	20.315 × W + 485.9	70
	10–18	13.384 × W + 692.6	111
	18–30	14.818 × W + 486.6	119
	30–60	8.126 × W + 845.6	111
	> 60	9.082 × W + 658.5	108

 
kJ/day from weight (kg)

GENDER	AGE (YEARS)	EQUATION (kJ/day)	SEE
Male	< 3	249 × W − 127	292
	3–10	95 × W + 2 110	280
	10–18	74 × W + 2 754	441
	18–30	63 × W + 2 896	641
	30–60	48 × W + 3 653	700
	> 60	49 × W + 2 459	686
Female	< 3	244 × W − 130	246
	3–10	85 × W + 2 033	292
	10–18	56 × W + 2 898	466
	18–30	62 × W + 2 036	497
	30–60	34 × W + 3 538	465
	> 60	38 × W + 2 755	451

 

INJURY FACTORS (IF)
	Specific Condition	IF
DIT	Diet-induced thermogenesis	+10%
	1° rise in body temperature	+10%
Stress	Severe sepsis	+10–30%
	Extensive surgery	+10–30%
	Fractures/trauma	+10–30%
	Respiratory distress syndrome	+20%
Burns (% burn)	Up to 10%	1.0–1.1
	10–15%	1.1–1.3
	25–90%	1.2–1.7
Weight gain/loss	± 400 to 1 000 kcal/day
	Inappropriate for critically ill patients

 

ACTIVITY FACTORS
Activity Level	Male	Female
Bed rest	1.2	1.2
Very sedentary	1.3	1.3
Sedentary/maint.	1.4	1.4
Light	1.5	1.5
Light/moderate	1.7	1.6
Moderate	1.8	1.7
Heavy	2.1	1.8
Very heavy	2.3	2.0

References
Schofield WN. Predicting basal metabolic rate, new standards and review of previous work. Hum Nutr Clin Nutr. 1985; 39(Suppl 1): 5–41.

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